The annual information return most tax-exempt organizations file with the IRS to report finances and operations.
Form 990 is the annual information return that most tax-exempt organizations in the United States are required to file with the Internal Revenue Service. It reports an organization's revenue, expenses, assets, governance practices, and program activities, and is publicly available.
There are several versions, including the full Form 990, the shorter 990-EZ, and the 990-N (e-Postcard) for the smallest organizations, with eligibility depending on the organization's size and gross receipts. Private foundations file a different version, the 990-PF.
Because Form 990 is public, donors, watchdog groups, and grantmakers often review it to assess a nonprofit's financial health and transparency. The specific filing requirements and thresholds change over time, so organizations should confirm current rules with the IRS or a qualified accountant.
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A common federal tax-exempt status for U.S. charitable organizations, named for the section of the tax code.
Donations a nonprofit can use for any legitimate purpose, with no donor-imposed limits.
Donations that a donor has designated for a specific purpose or program rather than general use.
Funding awarded to a nonprofit by a foundation, government, or corporation for a specific purpose.
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